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CIVIL ENGINEERING ALL COLLECTION

CIVIL ENGINEERING ALL COLLECTION ​ SPREADSHEETS A spreadsheet is a computer application that simulates a paper worksheet where becoming increasingly popular in solving engineering related problems. Among the strong features of spreadsheets are their instinctive cell-based structure and easy to use capabilities. Excel, for example, is a powerful spreadsheet with VBA robust programming capabilities that can be a powerful tool for teaching civil engineering concepts. Spreadsheets can do basic calculations such as cost estimates, schedule and cost control, and markup estimation, as well as structural calculations of reactions, stresses, strains, deflections, and slopes. Spreadsheets can solve complex problems, create charts and graphs, and generate useful reports. This paper highlights the use of Excel spreadsheet and VBA in teaching civilengineering concepts and creating useful applications. Civilax provide Excel Spreadsheets for Civil & Structural Engineers for struct...
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Stiffness-Factor Modifications

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Stiffness-Factor Modifications Three cases where moment-distribution process can be simplified 1. Member Pin (or Roller) Supported at Far End carry-over factor = 0 if the far end was fixed supported, the stiffness factor K = 4EI/L would have to be modified by 3/4 to model the case of having the far end pin supported 2. Symmetric Beam and Loading for center span: the center span's stiffness factor will be one half that usually determined using K = 4EI/L 3. Symmetric Beam and Antisymmetric Loading for center span: the stiffness factor is one and a half times as large as that determined using K = 4EI/L Procedure for Analysis draw FBDs of spans and joints   determine distribution factors and fixed-end moments   (click)   identify joints  (free ends are not joints) determine stiffness factor K for each span   (click) K = 4EI/L for far-end fixed K = 3EI/L for far-end pinned or roller supported K = 2EI/L for symm...
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Drift ratio (Deta)

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Displacement ကို height နဲ႕စားထားတာကို Drift ratio လို႕ေခၚတယ္ Story drift ratio Story drift ကို story height နဲ႕စားထားကိုေျပာတာ ပထမ Story နဲ႕ ကပ္လ်ပ္ story မွာရွိေနတဲ့ ျခားနားခ်က္ကို သူတို႕ႏွစ္ခုရဲ႕ height နဲ႕စားထားတာကို ေျပာတာ။ (D2-D1)/(h) Dxe and Dx ဆိုျပီးႏွစ္ခုရွိတယ္ တစ္ခုက Elastic ျဖစ္ျပီး တစ္ခုက inelastic ျဖစ္တယ္။ Dxe*cd/I where I is important factor Important factor ဆိုတာ လူေနထိုင္မူေပၚမူတည္ျပီး သက္မွတ္ထားတဲ့ factor ေတြကိုေျပာတာ Cd က deflection amplification factor လို႕ေခၚတယ္ ASCE and IBC မွာရွိတဲ့ တန္ဖိုးေတြနဲ႕တြက္နုိင္။
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